The use of cyclophosphamide as an enhancer of the vaccine against foot-and-mouth disease

The immunization of biungulate animals with killed foot-and-mouth disease virus (FMDV) requires periodic vaccinations due to a low vaccine immunogenicity. Therefore, FMDV antigens need to be combined with adjuvants such as aluminum hydroxide, saponin or oil emulsions. Animal handling for periodic inoculations, and the repeated doses of vaccines that have to be administered increase the commercialization costs. Moreover, the use of adjuvants may induce adverse effects.In the present work we show that it is possible to increase the life span of neutralizing antibodies in serum when a single dose of cyclophosphamide (Cy) is administered four days before vaccination with aluminum hydroxidesaponin FMDV vaccine.     

基于组合码字的矢量量化编码算法

传统的矢量量化编码方法总是将待编码矢量以码书中唯一的最匹配码字作为其近似输出矢量,以实现数据压缩的目的.这种方法对远离码字的矢量无法避免显著的误差.本文提出组合编码的矢量量化方法,其思想是对远离码字的矢量进行主辅组合编码,对主码字编码造成的误差通过辅码字加以补偿.实验表明,该方法在很小降低压缩比率的条件下显著提高了矢量编码精度,能够在信号处理等领域发挥有效作用.     

Dendritic reticulum cells in AIDS-related lymphadenopathy

Summary One of two cases of acquired immune deficiency syndrome-related persistent generalized lymphadenopathy revealed a profoundly altered pattern of dendritic reticulum cells as demonstrated by immunoreactive acid cysteine proteinase inhibitor. The alterations could be related to totally or partially destructed lymphoid secondary follicles.Acknowledgments. This work has been partially supported by the grant from the Sigrid Juselius Foundation, Finland.     

Decision-making at the surface of the intact or barrier disrupted skin: potential applications for vaccination or therapy

The skin is a highly accessible organ and constitutes an active immunological site. Both these properties make this surface an attractive route for what promises to be a cost-effective, simple, practical and needle-free delivery of vaccines and immunomodulators. Less obvious is the fact that the state of the skin barrier can influence quantitative and qualitative aspects of antigen-specific immune responses. The everyday decision-making at the skin epithelium concerns the choice between the induction of an immune response and the establishment of a state of non-responsiveness (tolerance). This decision is influenced by various factors such as the dose, the route (intact vs barrier-disrupted skin), the cytokine microenvironment and the nature of the antigenic stimulus. By increasing our understanding of how immune responses are regulated in the epidermis we can envisage the development of immunisation protocols aimed at eliciting a protective immune response or inducing tolerance, with direct applications to preventive or therapeutic vaccination, respectively.Received 29 November 2004; received after revision 2 February 2005; accepted 22 February 2005     

鲜食玉米田除草剂助剂的筛选及其增效作用

为筛选出鲜食玉米田内有助于除草剂增效的最佳助剂,在田间试验条件下,采用茎叶喷雾法比较了30%硝磺·莠去津可分散油悬浮剂中添加不同类型助剂的杂草防除效果,测定了助剂对不同除草剂增效作用及其对玉米产量的影响。结果表明,供试的7种助剂中,有4种助剂对30%硝磺·莠去津可分散油悬浮剂表现出明显的增效作用,施药后15 d,在30%硝磺·莠去津可分散油悬浮剂70%常规用量(有效成分472.50 g·hm-2)中添加助剂有机硅增效剂(硅王和速润)和植物油+非离子表面活性剂(哈速腾和激健),其杂草鲜重防效均高于未添加助剂的处理,防效分别增加20.20%、13.13%、13.97%和20.20%。在推荐常规用量70%条件下,30%硝磺·莠去津(有效成分472.50 g·hm-2)、30%苯唑草酮(有效成分18.90 g·hm-2)、27%烟·硝·莠去津(有效成分567.00 g·hm-2)和31.5%烟嘧·莠去津(有效成分595.35 g·hm-2) 4种除草剂中添加激健助剂后,其防效分别增加17.53%、10.97%、8.76%和12.37%,其中在烟嘧·莠去津和硝磺·莠去津2种除草剂常规用量70%的条件下添加助剂处理与其常规用量相当,助剂对除草剂的减量使用作用明显。在配合4种除草剂减量使用过程中,激健助剂的添加对玉米产量无明显影响。综上所述,在减药模式下,适宜助剂的介入能提升除草剂防效,表现出明显的增效作用。研究结果将为福建省玉米田杂草的化学防除减施技术应用提供科学依据。     

佐剂性关节炎的佐剂剂量条件探索

目的 建立实验室条件下佐剂性关节炎模型的最佳剂量条件。方法 取佐剂卡介苗在相应条件下制成Freund's佐剂,按不同剂量给Wista大白鼠进行足跖内皮注射,观察记录24d。结果及结论 0．1mL Freund's佐剂组在实验室条件下,关节炎模型反应较典型。     

Necessity of adjuvants for inducing effective antibody response to zona pellucida antigens

Summary Rhesus monkeys evoked a vigorous antibody response to a single heteroimmunization dose of zona pellucida antigens, when these were administered along with complete Freud's adjuvant. The antisera recognized all the three major porcine zona glycoprotein families and the animals were rendered amenorrheic after such immunization. Monkeys immunized with zona without adjuvant, however, failed to show any anti-zona antibody response and had normal menstrual cycles. Zona pellucida glycoproteins are thus not effective immunogens unless administered along with a powerful adjuvant.     

八角枫对佐剂性关节炎大鼠的治疗作用及毒性

文章通过考察八角枫醇提物、八角枫总碱对佐剂性关节炎(AA)大鼠的治疗作用及毒性,研究八角枫治疗关节炎的有效部位;分别采用足容积法和5级评分法测定大鼠足肿胀度及关节炎指数(AI),采用HE染色法观察大鼠关节和肝脏组织的形态学变化,并作血清常规检测。结果表明,八角枫醇提物、八角枫总碱可明显减轻AA大鼠的足肿胀度,降低其关节炎指数,改善关节的病理学变化。实验证明了八角枫醇提物对AA大鼠的治疗作用较好,且对肝脏无明显毒性。     

氮肥增效剂在甘薯栽培上的应用

以甘薯为材料，采用裂区设计探索了氮肥增效剂在南方热带地区的应用效果，结果表明：（1）在热带地区使用氮肥增效剂可以提高甘薯的产量，增产效果显著．（2）氮肥增效剂可以在一定程度上提高甘薯对氮、磷、钾的吸收，促进作物的生长．（3）氮肥增效剂的使用会降低甘薯还原糖的含量，对品质有一定的负面效应．     

CpG ODN增强rHBsAg免疫小鼠抗体产生及淋巴细胞增殖效应

目的：探讨合成含CpG基序的寡核苷酸（CpG ODN）对重组乙型肝炎表面抗原（rHBsAg ）增强小鼠特异性抗体产生及淋巴细胞增殖反应的效应.方法：采用BaIb/c小鼠作为免疫实验动物,经后腿胫骨前肌免疫2次,ELISA法检测血清乙型肝炎表面抗体（抗-HBs）效价;3H-TdR掺入法测定淋巴细胞增殖反应.结果：加CpG ODN组的抗-HBs效价较rHBsAg组明显增高,且维持时间长;淋巴细胞增殖反应显著增强.结论：CpG ODN对小鼠抗-HBs产生具有明显的增强作用,且可以有效刺激小鼠淋巴细胞的增殖反应.